An investigation was carried out on two ponds of Chatla floodplain, Barak valley, Assam with special reference to aquatic insects.  Pond 1 is purely a fish pond where as pond 2 is a community pond too.  Present study revealed the status of water quality and in turn diversity, density, dominance and abundance of aquatic insects in both the ponds. Almost all the physico chemical parameters of both the ponds were found within permissible range for aquatic life .However in pond 2 level of phosphate was found little higher than pond 1 due to release of soaps and detergents by human influence. In both the ponds order Hemiptera showed maximum relative abundance ( 98% in pond 1 and 94% in pond 2).  The study revealed lower diversity of aquatic insects in pond 2  than that in pond 1.