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A study of fluoride in ground water of Karera block (Shivpuri, M.P.)

Naveen Kumar Singh1*and D.S. Kadam2

1Chemical Research Laboratory,Department of Chemistry, SMS Goverment Science College, Gwalior, India

2Goverment Chemical Laboratory Division Ground water survey, Gwalior, India

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.2.1.21

84 ground water samples collected from different areas of Karera Block (Shivpuri M.P.) were analysed for fluoride The maximum concentration of fluoride has been observed as 4.23 mg/L in the sample from Dumduma


Fluoride Content; Ground Water; Karera Block; M.P

Copy the following to cite this article:

Singh N.K, Kadam D.S. A study of fluoride in ground water of Karera block (Shivpuri, M.P.). Curr World Environ 2007;2(1):97-98 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.2.1.21

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Singh N.K, Kadam D.S. A study of fluoride in ground water of Karera block (Shivpuri, M.P.). Curr World Environ 2007;2(1):97-98. Available from://www.a-i-l-s-a.com/?p=651

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Publish History

Article Publishing History

Received: 2007-03-07
Accepted: 2007-04-17

Introduction

Water, air and soil are the most essential components to sustain life on the earth. Safe drinking water is the primary need of every human being. Village population mainly depends upon ground water sources. All ground water sources are not always safe. Some of these have problems such as excess nitrate fluoride. Fluoride is known to cause a variety of health problems viz dental fluorisis, skeletal fluorosis and non skeletal fluorosis. Fluorite occurs as vein mineral of fluorite. The other mineral that are associtated with fluoride are crylolite lepidolote, topaz, biolite, actinolite etc.

Material and Methods

The water samples were collected from different areas of ground water. The samples were collected during the month February to September 2005. Samples for analysis were collected in sterilized bottles (plastic).The determination of Fluoride elements was carried out by visible-UV spectrophotometer 128. Fluoride-Spadns spectrophotometric method

Results and Discussion

The maximum permissible limit of fluoride in drinking water has been fixed as 1.5 mg/L by BIS (1991)

Concentration of effect

Fluoride between(mg/L)
1.5 to 4.0Mottling and staining of teeth
4.0 to 8.0Dental caries and minor skeletal deformation
above 8.0Acute osteo fluorosis stiffness in joints,skeletal deformation, thyroid changes,Kidney damage.

In M.P. (India) the main source of fluoride in ground water is fluorapatite in areas covered by granite and granitic geneisses.

Table - 1: The local residents

S. No. Village name Analyzed sources Effected sources Minimum Maximum
1 Dumduma 3 3 1.65 4.23
2 Toda Rampur 3 1 0.98 1.98
3 Domronkala 3 1 0.63 1.65
4 Silarpur 1 1 1.78 1.78
5 Zuzai 4 1 0.89 1.73
6 Bamhari 6 2 1.23 4.16
7 Sajora 3 1 1 2.98
8 Oder 2 1 0.67 1.68
9 Sailaya 7 2 0.53 1..76
10 Hazinagar 8 3 1.26 3.9
11 Bangawa 2 1 1.32 1.66
12 Bagedhari 4 2 1.11 1.78
13 Mugawali 2 1 1 1.54
14 Machawali 1 1 1.76 1.76
15 Chata 2 1 0.84 1.56
16 Khamera Vijaypur 4 1 0.69 1.53
17 Hatlae 8 5 0.94 2.22
18 Chan 4 1 1.2 1.86
19 Silanagar 2 1 1.12 1.7
20 Sarsoda 6 4 0.83 1.89
21 Amoal 2 1 0.91 1.76
22 Bhagora 3 1 0.76 1.82
23 Kalipahadi 1 1 1.69 1.69
24 Nonehra 1 1 1.66 1.66
25 Panuha 2 1 1.42 1.98


Conculsion

The study shows high concentration of fluoride in Dumduma and Bamhari villages of Karera Block (Shivpuri,M.P.) .The rural population consuming the drinking water are warned not to use this off contaminant water .This drinking water are may be used after treatment with alum and thus filtrated of the excess fluoride .

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Mr.Nitin Kumar Singh,Smt Raj Kumari ChauhanMr. Raj verma (Lab.asst.)guidance and help in determination of the Fluoride.

References

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  2. Bulusu K.R. and Nawlakha W.G.,Jour.E.N., (1983) 64,19-24
  3. Water quality and defluoridation techniques, Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking water Mission (1993).
  4. NTMD Prevention and control of fluorosis National Technology Mission on Drinking water AIIMS, New Delhi (1991).
  5. Standard method for the examination of water and waste water 18edition prepared and published jointly by APHA, AWWA and WEF(1992).
  6. World Health Organization(WHO), Interna-tional standard for Drinking water Geneva (1984).
  7. NRC(National Research council ) ,Drinking water and public health ,volno1 ,safe drinking water committee ,National Academy press ,Washington D.C. (1997).
  8. Teotia S.P.S., Teotia M.,Endemic skeletal Fluorosis: Clinical and radiological variants.Fluoride,(1988) 21, 39-44.
  9. IS10500,Indian standard drinking water specification bureau of Indian standards, New Dehli, 5, (1991).
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