Introduction Due to environmental reason the use of elemental chlorine in pulp bleaching has been totally eliminated in most of the countries in the world. In the early 90's bleaching technology switched from elemental chlorine to chlorine dioxide based bleaching and reduced the formation of absorbable organic halogens (AOX) substantially; but still needs to improve. That is why researchers are looking for new bleaching technologies for further reduction of effluent load. To
..研究了不同传统和新兴ECF漂白程序的出水负荷。氧去木素化的山梨树桉浆和马相思硫酸盐浆kappa值相近，均在12.0左右。比较了不同ECF漂白序列与参考序列D0EopD1在AOX、COD、TOC等出水负荷方面的差异。根据序列的性质，二氧化氯消耗减少了6.0 ~ 63.0%，因此AOX格式的量
。Introduction The high density of population and industries in the cities lead to allied vehicular, industrial and domestic emissions affecting, adversely the health and property of inhabiting citizens. Keeping the air quality acceptable has become an important task for decision makers as well as for non-governmental organizations. Particulate matter and gaseous emissions of pollutant emission from industries and auto exhausts are responsible for rising discomfort, increasing airway diseases a
..本研究在Nakkapalli,Elamanchilli,S. S.等9个州进行了空气污染区和空气污染活动危险区图。维沙卡帕特南区的Rayavaram, Achchutapuram, Rambilli, Anakapalle, Munagapaka, Kasimkota, Paravada，面积1355平方公里。研究区位于北纬17°;19日,,和17,度;46’和东经82& 35’和83年,度;10,,和被覆盖
..Introduction Recent decades have seen record-high average global surface temperatures. Thermometer readings sufficient to provide reliable global averages are available back to 1850 (Brohan et al. 2006). In the past century, global surface temperature increased by about 1.5 °F (Figure 1). In the past quarter-century, according to satellite measurements, the lower atmosphere warmed by 0.22-0.34 °F per decade, equivalent to 2-3 °F per century. (Christy and Spen
..在20世纪，地球表面的温度上升了约1.5华氏度。全球气候变化的潜在原因多种多样，包括自然和人为机制。科学最近在确定哪些潜在原因是造成20世纪发生的气候变化的真正原因方面取得了重大进展，提供了强有力的证据表明，人类活动释放到大气中的温室气体是造成气候变化的主要原因之一。
Introduction Saltpan ecosystem is highly dynamic where the organisms are subjected to vulnerable physico chemical disturbances. Saltpans are unique enclosed ecosystem that are characteristically exposed to a wide range of environmental stress and perturbations manifest mainly through salinity changes. In the extreme astatic physico – chemical conditions of these hypersaline habitats only a few plant and animal species can live. Saltpan ecosystem offers a number of unique ecological
..对Tuticorin盐田生态系统的浮游植物分布进行了研究，在特定站点的两个冷凝器池中，artemia种群非常高。在两个池塘中监测了一年。并对其理化参数进行了研究。在季风季节，硅藻科占主导地位。夏季绿藻含量较高。浮游植物密度与蒿类种群数量相关。在季风期间，蒿的生物量达到最大值，此时的物种
..Introduction Land degradations have been a major environmental issue in tea estates of Sri Lanka compared to rubber and coconut plantations. Nearly about 80% of the land is old seedling tea which is often poorly managed (Krishnaraja, 1983). Large tracts of these old seedling tea plantations have been either neglected or left for fallows. It is estimated that about 30% of the entire tea land is marginal or uneconomic in mid country. Long steeps and poor management practices are responsible for
..斯里兰卡Uva高地茶园在农业气候分类上属于中间地带。本研究旨在评估斯里兰卡乌瓦高原Passara地区无性繁殖(VP)和老苗茶(OST)人工林的径流、土壤流失和随后的养分损失。2010-2011年连续1年在长度为25 m、宽度为4 m的两类土地上分别安装了4个土壤侵蚀试验测量单元2，来自这些土地
。Introduction Soils are basic to Civilization Supplying various economic and cultural services as well as being the subtract for plant and with water it constitute society's most important, source as a life support system. They provide food, fiber, support building and road help to convert sunlight to usable forms of energy and other resource. Soil the outermost layers of the earth is a product of geological processes and human intervention. Soils are integral and vital part o
..在Etah区和Kanshiramnagar(正式的Etah区)的农业区和工业区进行了一项研究。从选定地点季节性收集的样本进行了水分含量、pH值、电导率和铅、铜、镉和锌等重金属的调查。研究和调查的所有相关领域都在限制范围内。< / p > . .
Introduction Microbes are essential components of Earth’s biota contributing to the maintenance of Earth’s ecosystem, biosphere and biogeochemical cycling.1 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota are ubiquitous in natural ecosystem and form mutualistic symbiotic associations with majority of terrestrial plant species.2 AMF are receiving worldwide attention because of the pivotal role they play in plant community ecolog
..高哈蒂大学植物学系微生物生态学实验室，古瓦哈蒂781 014，阿萨姆邦
。Introduction Water is most essential for existence of life on earth and is a major component for all forms of lives, from micro-organism to man. Various physico- chemical parameters have a significant role in determining the potability of water. As per World Health Organization, safe and wholesome drinking water is a basic need for human development, health and well being, and it is an internationally accepted human right.1 Water intended for human consumption must be free from harmf
..研究了喀拉拉邦埃鲁尔工业区井水理化质量的季节变化。2009年共收集了100个样本，每个样本25个，在四个不同的季节，即夏季、季风前、季风和季风后，并分析了温度、pH值、总硬度、化学需氧量、硝酸盐浓度、氟化物、铁、铅、汞、锌和镉等重金属。温度
在季节间差异显著。Introduction Water is considered absolutely essential to sustain life. In India ground water has a major role to satisfy the needs of domestic and agriculture purposes. The ever growing demands for water resources coupled with the rate at which much of the earths fresh water being adversely affected by human activities, demonstrate a developing crisis and horrible future if environmental water resources are not appropriately managed.1 Bijapur is not an exception to this fut
..对卡纳塔克邦比贾普尔市区地下水理化参数进行了季节性分析，以研究水质及其生活适宜性。Talabs(湖泊)、Baudy(由Adil Shahi Sultans于16、17世纪建造的井)和钻孔井是研究区域的水资源。在2010-11年度的不同季节，从不同地点的不同来源采集了36份样本。参数:pH, EC, TDS，浊度，
…Introduction Water is one of the most essential substance needed to sustain human life, animals, plants and other living beings. Without water no life is possible on earth. Now a days, water pollution is a burning issue of all over the world. The situation of water pollution in India also reaches into alarming position. All the water resources of our country such as rivers, lakes, ponds as well as ground water have become much more polluted. Adequate water resources for future ge
..本研究旨在评价Birsinghpur镇及其周边农村地区的水质。2008-2009年在研究区不同地点、特定距离采集了25份水样(地表水5份，地下水20份)，对Pb、Fe、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cd等重金属进行了分析。结果表明，地表水中Pb、Fe、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cd的变化范围为0.006 ~ 0.110、0.55 ~ 2.76、0.125 ~ 0.29
。Introduction The study area spreads in an area of 650 Km part of Krishna River. It is one of the densely cultivated tracts and serves as leading producer of number of crops especially sugarcane, paddy and wheat. The high stress on ground due to pumpage of large quantities of ground water for irrigation has threatened the sustainability of agricultural development. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt exploitation of ground water to its availability accordingly a refined quantitative evaluation
..研究区是恒河平原中部的克里希纳小流域，是北方邦西部高度肥沃的轨道。甘蔗和小麦是该地区的主要作物。由于人类活动的压力，城市化和逐渐退化的纯净、安全、健康和有序的饮用水是一个令人深感关切的问题。地下水因渗漏而含有多种污染物，如有机污染物、无机污染物、重金属、农药、氟化物等。在Muzaffarnager区UP
..Introduction Municipal Solid Waste is a growing menace in present times. Population increase has added the problem many fold. Waste materials or the leachates so formed during the course of time may percolate to the ground water table. This may cause the pollution of ground water and ultimately affects the health of local inhabitants. Leachates are formed by slow decomposition of municipal solid waste. These leachates may run off in the nearby natural water resources such
..饮用水是所有生物的基本需求。水资源的污染已经慢慢减少了我们星球上的清洁水的数量。快速的城市化和人口增长进一步加剧了这一问题。住宅、医院等产生的大量固体废物被倾倒在空地上。这种倾倒使地下水水质恶化，造成环境污染。本研究是在斋浦尔附近的Sewapura生活垃圾倾倒场进行的，以评估地面w
。Introduction Tea refers to the Agri-produce of the leaves, its buds, and internodes of the Camellia sinensis plant, prepared and cured by various procedures. Tea also refers to the aromatic hot beverage prepared from the processed or cured leaves by combination with hot or boiling water, and is the common name for the Camellia sinensis plant itself. The four types of tea most commonly found in the market viz., white tea, black tea, long tea and green tea, and all the tea can be prepared from
..山茶原产于东南亚，具体地说是在印度东北部、缅甸北部、中国西南部和西藏地区的交汇点附近。从这个“原产地中心”，这种植物被引进到超过52个国家。速溶咖啡是一种饮料，通过各种工艺，再次将其脱水成粉末或颗粒的形式。这些可以用热水再水合，以提供类似的饮料(尽管
…Introduction In continuation of our earlier analysis on bore wells water,1-3 here we report the Physico-chemical analysis of bore wells drinking water of kathalal territory. kathalal is located in kheda district of Gujarat bore wells water is generally used for Drinking and other domestic purposes in this area .The use of fertilizers and pesticides manure, lime, septic tank, refuse dump, etc, are the main sources of bore wells water pollution4 in the absence of fresh water s
..井眼温度、PH、溶解氧、总溶解固形物、氯化物、总碱度、钙镁硬度、硫酸盐、硝酸磷酸盐等理化分析;2011年5月对卡萨拉尔地区20个采样站进行了水质指数评价。< / p > . .
Introduction Wheat is cultivated in the basin of Ganga river, Yamuna, Gomati and other areas. These areas are flooded with industries1-5 like chemical, coal, fertilizer, petroleum refinery, food processing, transport industry, coal power, hydropower, drug industry, pulp and paper industry, paint and dyes, sugar industry, wine industry, water bottling plant, juice factory, milk processing. These industries release huge amount of pollutants6-9 like inorganic, organic and particulates material.
..小麦是印度农民非常重要的作物。大多数人靠小麦维生。有几种由小麦制成的可食用食品。小麦主要种植在旁遮普邦、哈里亚纳邦、北方邦、比哈尔邦和西孟加拉邦。最近在这些州，工业化和基础设施建设工作进展非常快，导致大量污染物和颗粒进入大气。污染物有碳的氧化物、氮的氧化物、硫的氧化物、ch
的氧化物。Introduction Water, the most abundant and natural commodity. But today it has become precious and scare. This is mainly due to the increase in human population and fast development. The inadequate and irregular supply of water through piped water system has forced the population to use whatever quality of water available in the nearby water sources. This leads to water borne diseases and other health hazards. It is therefore essential to monitor the water supply and quality of water, speciall
..对马哈拉施特拉邦Buldana地区部分村庄饮用水水源的总硬度、铁、氯化物、硝酸盐和氟化物含量进行了对称调查。饮用水样本采集自15个村的村饮用水源。采用标准方法对水样进行分析。< / p > . .
Introduction The plant Impatiens Balsamina Linn1-3 (N.O. Balsaminaceae) is known Gulmendi in Hindi and is distributed throughout India. The seeds of this plant are edible. Alcoholic extract of the flowers has been found to have adequate antibiotic activity4 against scleroting, fructicola and other pathogenic fungi and bacteria. It is reported to be useful for pains in the joints. The seeds of impatiens Balsamina Linn were extracted with respective solvents. The successive seed extracts of
..由于人类饮食和生活习惯的改变，当今世界面临着从各种磨难和自然压力中拯救人类生命的挑战。我们古老的阿育吠陀医学系统主要是以植物为基础的药物，利用我们的药用植物。许多草药制剂已经在其他国家的药典中找到了自己的路。许多这些制剂所声称的有效性已被现代科学方法和技术所证实。
Introduction Tripura is a small state located in the north-eastern part of India. It has a international border with Bangladesh for about 839 kms, towards West, South and North. It also shares boundary with Assam and Mizoram in the east. The geographical continuity with the Indian main land is maintained only in the north east with Karimganj sub-division in Cachar district of Assam. The small geographical area however does not deprive Tripura in being one of the richest ar
..Tripura的部落人民正在充分利用生物多样性来消费，建造房屋，工艺品，制造工具，仪器和医药用途等，但同样没有得到保护。< / p > . .
Introduction The use of fertilizers, pesticides and manure are main source of water pollution in this area. Water is one of the most important factor for every living organism on this planet. Water is generally used for drinking, fisheries and other domestic purposes in this area. The available fresh water to man is hardly 0.3 to 0.5% of the total water available on the earth and therefore its judicious use in imperative. Lakes are one of the important water resources used for irrigation, dri
..本研究计算了Pariyej湖的水质指数，并评估了工业、农业和人类活动的影响。物理,mdash;监测化学参数，计算雨季、冬季和夏季的水质量指数。PH、总硬度、TDS、钙、氯、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、DO、BOD等参数均在允许范围内。但总碱度和镁值均超过允许限值a
。