Dear Readers The present issue of the Current World Environment is presented before you. I thank the authors, reviewers and the journal secretariat for timely publishing the issue. This issue includes research papers from diversified subareas of environment as given in the table of content. This time we have included `Editorial Contributions’ from our Editorial Board members. The theme of the Editorial of this issue is Reactive Nitrogen as detailed below- The food and energy dema
..盐渍化是影响水土资源、农业和自然生态系统紊乱的主要环境逆境。地下水盐分的增加还与钠、硫酸盐、硼、氟化物、硒、砷等元素的高浓度和高放射性有关。盐分是一个全球性的问题，但在地下水是主要水源的缺水干旱和半干旱地区，盐分问题变得更加严重。对g的需求不断增加
…颗粒物(PM)对人类健康、大气物理化学和美学的影响都很重要。过去几十年，人们对PM对全球人类健康、空气质量和气候的影响的理解、认识和关注有所提高。然而，有关其性质、形成、运输和影响的知识差距仍然存在;特别是对于那些与较小的PM(主要是‘亚微米PM’也称为‘PM1&a
..Introduction Road projects are meant to enhance the economic and societal well being of people. Better conditions of roads can minimize travel time and lower the costs of transport and improve earning and ultimately the living standard. This two-way interaction gives benefits to consumer and also such accessibility creates more and more demand for further development. Transportation has become crucial in development and economy of the country and is an important part of our daily lives.1 Tran
..印度的交通网络是世界上最广泛的之一。道路网络对于经济的持续和包容性增长以及巩固国家的社会多样化至关重要。与其他运输方式相比，公路运输被认为更灵活，对消费者更友好，因为即使在该国最偏远的地区，它也为人们提供门到门的服务。随着人口的增长，自然资源和人为资源都面临着巨大的负担。
Introduction There is a trade-off between economic development and environmental protection. It depends on how well this trade-off between these two drivers is managed which becomes critical for any country aspiring for high growth to meet its development objectives. A well-executed Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for projects helps in proactively addressing the environment protection aspect during the project life cycle, which very much depends on the site selection, construction and o
..环评工作的质量在很大程度上取决于环评咨询机构管理体系的效率。根据法定要求，环境影响评估顾问组织必须获得印度国家教育和培训认证委员会(NABET)的认证，该委员会是印度质量委员会(QCI)的一个节点组织，根据2016年3月3日的宪报通知，在印度进行环境影响评估研究。质量管理体系
..Introduction Estimation of runoff due to rainfall in an ungauged catchment is always an important issue for the researchers. A number of models have been developed to establish rainfall-runoff relationship in ungauged catchments. The Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) theory was introduced by Rodriguez-Iturbe et al.,1,2 by relating the peak discharge and time to peak discharge with the geomorphologic characteristics of the catchment and a dynamic velocity parameter. The tw
..包括多用途蓄能水电工程在内的各种水工建筑物的运行都需要来水的先进信息。入流预报用于非季风季节的最佳发电和洪水季节的闸门和溢洪道的运行。为了开发水库的入流预报系统，人们观察到，许多未测量的直接流入水库的河流没有被计算在内。这就是
…Introduction Nepal, being a mountainous country, possesses diverse climatic zones ranging from subtropical to alpine climates supporting diverse types of rivers for huge biodiversity. Many headwater streams and rivers are still intact from urban development. However, recent water resourcedevelopment such as water diversion and operation of hydropower dam and irrigation channels along with extraction of river-bed materials have deteriorated morphology and hydrology of rivers and streams and th
..Introduction The Indonesian Construction Project evolves with many changes in everything, especially the methods and management of the project. Contractors are required to create many innovations in method development and management of construction projects to be trusted by the public. This study aims to estimate the performance of housing projects undertaken by contractors. A review of performance evaluations that refers to is sharia construction management which is the Islamic sharia princi
..审查伊斯兰建筑管理，旨在评估承包商在印度尼西亚东爪哇Jember地区的住房项目绩效。这一审查结果产生了八个服务因素，包括美学、便利性、保证、反应、可靠性、性能、设施、耐用性、环境友好性和设计中的伊斯兰价值观。用户性能因素可以影响合同协议，付款，设计，文件和文件，强制条件的保证
。Introduction Water is the essential resource vital to support all life forms on this planet. Rivers due to their function to transport the domestic, industrial wastewater and run-off from cultivated lands in their huge drainage basins are amongst the most susceptible aquatic forms to pollution. The surface water quality of any area is mainly dependent on both the natural processes and anthropogenic influences viz. municipal, industrial and agrarian activities, consequently leading to a huge u
..在工业化时代，水生系统质量的恶化要求对环境污染物进行监测，其中重金属因其高毒性和生物蓄积性而成为危险污染物之一。为此，以河流进入巴迪巴罗提瓦拉-那拉嘎尔(BBN)工业区为控制点，将该区划分为6个等长段，对流经该区的锡尔萨河重金属状况进行了评价。总的来说
…Introduction The usage of web 2.0 technologies (Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube) has been increasing day by day, with 800 million people possessing smartphones with 400 million active internet users.1 Facebook is perceived as the dominant (59%) social media platform by American fisheries society2 and students spend a significant amount of their times using Facebook. Facebook has become a popular and dominant digital platform for maintaining and strengthening the social relatio
..互联网的普及和社交媒体的使用日益增加，尤其是在年轻人中。在此背景下，进行了一项研究，以确定学生对互联网和社交媒体的使用情况，以及他们通过社交媒体获取专业(渔业)信息的模式。在这项研究中，社交媒体被分为两大类，即社交网站和即时通讯应用程序。采用预测问卷收集
..Introduction The basic purpose of packaging is to provide protection from the environmental condition by maintaining the quality of food items from the manufacturing industry to normal consumers. The most important physical property in flexible packaging materials is water vapour and oxygen gas transfer rate.1 The transfer rate depends on the type of the plastic, gas molecules quantity, the interacting time between gas and plastic.2 Therefore special barrier packaging materials are on the hig
..本研究的目的是分析金属化和非金属化铸造聚丙烯(CPP)塑料薄膜在降解和环境污染方面的物理性能。采用标准的铸膜挤出工艺制备了20微米厚的PP薄膜，即镀铝的金属化PP薄膜和不镀铝的金属化PP薄膜。这些样品是在一个生产食品级塑料的工业中制造的，该塑料是由铸造共挤出工艺制成的。物理性能如拉伸
..Introduction Heavy metals, due to their inherent toxicity and the ability to accumulate in living tissues, are often hazardous to organisms and environment.1 They can cause many problems for the health of humans and animals as well as the environment.2,3 Cobalt (Co2+) ion is an essential element for metabolic activities in low concentrations and may also be effective in regulating pro-oxidants in the blood4-6; however, in high concentrations, it causes acute effects of lung toxicity and asth
..Introduction Microplastic pollution has a global distribution. Microplastics were listed as one of the ten emerging issues in the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).1 Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 mm in length.2Their small size can make it easy for organisms to digest them.3 Microplastics in the air will be inhaled and subsequently enter the airway.4 Thus, organisms are also potentially exposed to related toxic chemicals, such as organic pollutants, heavy metals and
..微塑料是长度小于5mm的塑料颗粒。空气中的微塑料可以被人体摄入和吸入。在这项工作中，研究人员对路边的三个地点进行了微塑料调查。用真空泵将这三个地点的空气吸入不锈钢漏斗中获得空气样本。空气经过过滤介质以保留任何颗粒，然后用数码显微镜和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)测试收集和观察这些颗粒。一名潜水员< / p > . .
Introduction A major or severe accident in a nuclear power plant is a highly feared event due to its alarming consequences. Contamination of environment by radioactive elements is, perhaps, of more concern rather than on-spot casualties because of the long-term consequences associated with it. The memories of nuclear accidents such as Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, Fukushima Daiichi, etc. are still fresh to thousands of people living all over the world. Three Mile Island accident in 1979 was t
..在这项工作中，研究了VVER-1200型核电站蒸汽管线破裂事故导致放射性元素污染环境的可能性。利用个人计算机瞬态分析仪(PCTRAN)对此类意外工况进行数值模拟，生成电厂安全系统的响应数据。在蒸汽管路的A回路中考虑了1000平方厘米的间隙。大小的break被认为是“Large break ”， wh
…Introduction Quantitative estimation of the temporal distribution of rainfall and temperature for an area is important to different purposes such as hydrological modelling, hydraulic structures modelling, flood forecasting, surface water modelling, groundwater modelling, agriculture modelling, crop scheduling, evaporation modelling etc. High temperature can cause worsen drought in an area and also a reason for forest fires. High temperatures are also responsible for reducing yields in the fie
..本研究主要关注于印度拉贾斯坦邦乌代普尔地区的降雨和温度变化趋势的检测。位于印度西部的地区，与印度的平均降雨量相比，该地区的降雨量较少。本文尝试用该方法对该地区的降水趋势、最高气温趋势和最低气温趋势进行分析检测。对于3
的日降雨量数据…Introduction Strategic groundwater (GW) management is the continuous planning, monitoring, analysis and assessment of all that is necessary to make the best use of ground water in a sustainable way. Globally, 50% of present drinkable water, 40% of the industrial water demand, and 20% of the irrigation water have been supplied by groundwater (UNESCO, 20031 and Molden, 20072). Rice is covered on 75% of the total cultivated land and is main staple crop in the country, comprising 90% of the total
..孟加拉国是一个农业国家，水稻生产接近自给自足。就大米而言，在过去的二十年里，全国的产量增加了1500多万吨。为了获得这种自给自足，地下水可达性不断提高，导致深、浅管井不断扩大。现有证据表明，迄今为止的政策重点主要集中在资源开发上，而不是资源管理上。
Introduction Civil construction has its origins in artisanal works that have been progressing through the ages, therefore, the generation of waste in construction is considered normal by workers in the area, but all agree that there is a need to reduce the volumes of these wastes at the construction sites. This reduction in waste volumes is an urgent need for companies to "rethink progress", often choosing to invest in "eco-projects", which aim to minimize
..本研究旨在描述巴西亚马逊州玛瑙斯市目前建筑垃圾的产生及其对亚马逊地区环境的影响。这项研究工作的意义在于有助于改善玛瑙斯市建筑工地的废物环境管理，以保护亚马逊环境。本研究还试图描述环境管理中存在的问题。
Introduction Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are known as injuries and disorders that affect the human body’s movement or musculoskeletal system. It includes some body parts such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, discs, blood vessels, etc. On the other hand, Work Related-Musculoskeletal Disorder (WRMSDs) have been caused by the continuous and long-term high repetitive task, sudden exposure to lifting or carrying of heavy loads, excessive force, working in an awkward body post
..孟加拉国锯木厂工人出现与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病(WRMSDs)的风险越来越大。他们的工作包括搬运、搬运、推拉等笨拙的体力劳动。这些都被确定为肌肉骨骼疾病的危险因素。本研究的目的是了解锯木厂工人肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率，并评估其姿势风险水平。这项横断面研究是对来自60家锯木厂的254名工人进行的。