当前世界环境

Present investigation was carried out on Satluj river in Himachal Pradesh for the analysis of important physical and chemical water quality parameters during November, 2015 to February, 2016. Parameters such as turbidity, total alkalinity, pH, conductivity, magnesium hardness, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved carbon dioxide, total hardness, chloride, phosphate, nitrate and calciumwere analyzed from five sampling stations i.e. First Sampling Station (SS-1) – Khab, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh; Second Sampling Station (SS-2) – Wangtoo, Near dam site of Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh;Third Sampling Station (SS-3) – Bayal at the Rampur city, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh; Fourth Sampling Station (SS-4) - Kol dam, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh and Fifth Sampling Station (SS-5) - Wajipur Kalan, Ludhiana, Punjab in the study area. The analyses were carried out according to APHA, 2012 procedures. The analysis of data reveals that turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and chlorides were found to be higher than the acceptable limit prescribed by Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), WHO standards. Higher values of these parameters reveal that the pollution in Satluj river is due to siltation, domestic & municipal sewage, industrial sewage and surface run-off that effect the water quality directly or indirectly.